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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211207T140000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211207T170000
DTSTAMP:20211129T083519Z
CREATED:20211129T083519Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20211129T083519Z
UID:14306-1638885600-1638896400@www.loria.fr
SUMMARY:PhD Defense: Yann Bernard
DESCRIPTION:Yann Bernard (Biscuit) will defend his thesis on Tuesday\, December 7th at 2pm. \nHis presentation will be in French and is entitled « Calcul neuromorphique pour l’exploration et la catégorisation robuste d’environnement visuel et multimodal dans les systèmes embarqués ». \n\n \nRésumé :\n\nTandis que la quête pour des systèmes de calcul toujours plus puissants se confronte à des contraintes matérielles de plus en plus fortes\, des avancées majeures en termes d’efficacité de calcul sont supposées bénéficier d’approches non conventionnelles et de nouveaux modèles de calcul tels que le calcul inspiré du cerveau. Le cerveau est une architecture de calcul massivement parallèle avec des interconnexions denses entre les unités de calcul. Les systèmes neurobiologiques sont donc une source d’inspiration naturelle pour la science et l’ingénierie informatiques. Les améliorations technologiques rapides des supports de calcul ont récemment renforcé cette tendance à travers deux conséquences complémentaires mais apparemment contradictoires : d’une part en offrant une énorme puissance de calcul\, elles ont rendu possible la simulation de très grandes structures neuronales comme les réseaux profonds\, et d’autre part en atteignant leurs limites technologiques et conceptuelles\, elles ont motivé l’émergence de paradigmes informatiques alternatifs basés sur des concepts bio-inspirés. Parmi ceux-ci\, les principes de l’apprentissage non supervisé retiennent de plus en plus l’attention. \nDans ce contexte\, le premier objectif de cette thèse a été de combiner cartes auto-organisatrices (SOM) et champs neuronaux dynamiques (DNF) pour l’exploration et la catégorisation d’environnements réels perçus au travers de capteurs visuels de différentes natures. Le second objectif a été de préparer le portage de ce calcul de nature neuromorphique sur un substrat matériel numérique. Ces deux objectifs visaient à définir un dispositif de calcul matériel qui pourra être couplé à différents capteurs de manière à permettre à un système autonome de construire sa propre représentation de l’environnement perceptif dans lequel il évolue. Nous avons ainsi proposé et évalué un modèle de détection de nouveauté à partir de SOM. Les considérations matérielles nous ont ensuite amené à des optimisations algorithmiques significatives dans le fonctionnement des SOM. Enfin\, nous avons complémenté le modèle avec des DNF pour augmenter le niveau d’abstraction avec un mécanisme attentionnel de suivi de cible.
URL:https://www.loria.fr/event/phd-defense-yann-bernard/
CATEGORIES:Soutenance
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211207T160000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211207T180000
DTSTAMP:20211206T102620Z
CREATED:20211206T102620Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20211206T102620Z
UID:14560-1638892800-1638900000@www.loria.fr
SUMMARY:PhD defense: Aude Le Gluher (Caramba)
DESCRIPTION:Aude Le Gluher (Caramba) will defend her thesis on Tuesday\, 7th December at 4pm in room A008. \nHer presentation will be in English and is entitled « Symbolic computation and complexity analyses for number theory and cryptography ». \nSummary : This thesis focuses on three problems that all relate to cryptography: the factorization of integers\, the computation of discrete logarithms in multiplicative sugroups of finite fields and the computation of Riemann-Roch spaces on plane projective curves.\nTo this day\, the Number Field Sieve (NFS for short) is the most efficient algorithm allowing to factor integers and compute discrete logarithms in finite fields\, both in theory and in practice. First\, we thoroughly study the asymptotic complexity of this algorithm. We prove very precise asymptotic formulas for the asymptotic complexity of NFS and show that\, unfortunately\, these formulas cannot be used to extrapolate NFS computing times for cryptographically-relevant input sizes. Indeed\, such sizes are far smaller than the sizes needed for the use of the asymptotic formulas to even make sense. This study allows to question the standard method used to establish key sizes for RSA-based cryptography.\nSince relying on its asymptotic complexity seems a questionable method to predict practical computing times for the Number Field Sieve\, we turn to another approach: simulation. Thus\, we study an algorithm that simulates a step of the NFS algorithm\, namely\, the filtering step. The end goal of such an algorithm is to partly predict the behaviour of a computation done with an NFS implementation without actually running it\, which would be too costly. We describe this simulation tool in detail\, propose a number of experiments aimed at assessing its reliability and accuracy\, and present their results.\nFinally\, we present a probabilistic algorithm for the computation of Riemann-Roch spaces on projective plane nodal curves\, whose efficiency rests on two extensively studied building blocks in modern computer algebra: fast arithmetic of univariate polynomials and fast linear algebra. As a by-product\, our algorithm also yields a fast method for computing the group law on the Jacobian of a plane curve. We assess the efficiency of this algorithm both theoretically through a complexity analysis and experimentally using an implementation we made. \nJury:\n\nM. Karim Belabas\, Université de Bordeaux (rapporteur)\nM. Laurent Imbert\, Université de Montpellier (rapporteur)\nMme Cécile Dartyge\, Université de Lorraine (examinatrice)\nMme Vanessa Vitse\, Université Grenoble-Alpes (examinatrice)\nM. Thorsten Kleinjung\, EPFL (invité)\nM. Pierre-Jean Spaenlehauer\, Inria Nancy-Grand Est (directeur de thèse)\nM. Emmanuel Thomé\, Inria Nancy-Grand Est (directeur de thèse)
URL:https://www.loria.fr/event/phd-defense-aude-le-gluher-caramba/
LOCATION:A008
CATEGORIES:Soutenance
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211213T140000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211213T170000
DTSTAMP:20211209T155353Z
CREATED:20211209T155353Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20211209T155353Z
UID:14577-1639404000-1639414800@www.loria.fr
SUMMARY:PhD Defense: Waldez Azevedo Gomes Junior (Larsen)
DESCRIPTION:Waldez Azevedo Gomes Junior (Larsen) will defend his thesis on Monday\, December 13th at 2pm in room A008. \nHis presentation is entitled « Improving Ergonomics Through Physical Human-Robot Collaboration » and will be in English. \nAbstract: \nThis thesis aims to provide tools for improving ergonomics at work environments. Some work activities in industry are commonly executed by workers in a non-ergonomic fashion\, which may lead to musculoskeletal disorders in the short or in the long term. \nWork-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) are a major health issue worldwide\, that also represents important costs both for society and companies. WMSDs are known to be caused by multiple factors\, such as repetitive motion\, excessive force\, and awkward\, non-ergonomic body postures. Not surprisingly\, work environments with such factors may present an incidence of WMSDs of up to 3 or 4 times higher than in the overall population.\nHere\, our approach is to evaluate the human motion with respect to ergonomics indexes\, optimize the motion\, and intervene on the task based on the optimized motion. \nTo evaluate the body posture ergonomics\, we developed a Digital Human Model (DHM) simulation capable of replaying whole-body motions.\nIn simulation\, the initial movement can be iteratively improved\, until an optimal ergonomic whole-body motion is obtained.\nWe make the case that a robot in physical interaction with a human could drive the human towards more ergonomic whole-body motions\, possibly to an ergonomically optimal motion. To design a robot controller that influences the body posture\, we first investigate the human motor behavior in a human-human co-manipulation study. In this human dyad study\, we observed motor behavior patterns that were used to design a collaboration controller for physical human-robot interaction (pHRI). In a new study\, the same co-manipulation task was then executed by humans collaborating with a Franka Emika Panda robot.
URL:https://www.loria.fr/event/phd-defense-waldez-azevedo-gomes-junior-larsen/
LOCATION:A008
CATEGORIES:Soutenance
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211214T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211214T130000
DTSTAMP:20211209T160125Z
CREATED:20211209T160125Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20211209T160125Z
UID:14579-1639476000-1639486800@www.loria.fr
SUMMARY:PhD defense: Nicolas Furnon (Multispeech)
DESCRIPTION:Nicolas Furnon (Multispeech) will defend his thesis on Tuesday\, December 14th at 10am in room C005. \nHis presentation is entitled « DNN-based speech enhancement in ad-hoc microphone arrays ». \nAbstract:\n\nDNN-based speech enhancement in ad-hoc microphone arrays \nAd-hoc microphone arrays (AHMA) are formed by the network of microphones embedded in our daily-life devices like phones\, computers or smart speakers. They offer a big potential for natural language processing\, especially speech enhancement\, which consists in removing the noise from the recordings. However\, this processing step is hindered by the small size of the devices and by their asynchronous recordings. \nThis thesis proposes a speech enhancement solution adapted to the usage conditions of ad-hoc microphone arrays\, by combining the modelling power of deep neural networks (DNNs) with the flexibility of use of AHMAs. We conduct a detailed empirical analysis of our system to validate its efficiency and to highlight the benefits of jointly using DNNs and distributed speech enhancement algorithms. \nBesides\, we develop our solution in order to make it robust to the challenges of the usage conditions of ad-hoc microphone arrays. We study its behaviour when the number of devices in the AHMA varies\, and when the signals of different devices are not synchronised. We propose a solution to adapt our system to each of these conditions. Lastly\, we propose an extension of our system to make it a suitable solution to source separation in a meeting scenario.
URL:https://www.loria.fr/event/phd-defense-nicolas-furnon-multispeech/
LOCATION:C005
CATEGORIES:Soutenance
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